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- Agostino Ramelli (c. 1531-1600) - Inventor of the bookwheel as well as various water-powered inventions (clockwork, treadmill, pump)
- John Ramsbottom (1814–1897) - Inventor of the tamper-proof spring safety valve and the displacement lubricator
- William John Macquorn Rankine (1820–1872) - Major contributor to the science of thermodynamics, known for advancements in heat engine theory and metal fatigue
- George Rennie (1791–1866) - Among other developments, a pioneer in food processing equipment (biscuit, corn, chocolate mills)
- Osbourne Reynolds (1842–1912) - Major contributor to the science of fluid dynamics and heat transfer
- Harry Ricardo (1885–1974) - internal combustion engine designer and researcher
- Richard Roberts (1789–1864) - Developer of high-precision machine tools which helped enable mass production
- Alfred H. Rzeppa (1885–1965) - Developer of the constant-velocity joint
Read more about this topic: List Of Mechanical Engineers