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- G. Brent Dalrymple (born 1937), USA, author The Age of the Earth (1991), winner National Science Medal, 2005
- James Dwight Dana (1813–1895), USA, author of System of Mineralogy (1837)
- Charles Darwin (1809–1882), British naturalist, author of On the Origin of Species
- George Mercer Dawson (1849–1901), Canada, pioneer Yukon geologist
- John William Dawson (1820–1899), Canada, pioneer Acadian geologist
- Henry De la Beche (1796–1855), England, first director of the Geological Survey of Great Britain
- Duncan R. Derry (1906–1987), Canadian economic geologist
- Nicolas Desmarest (1725–1815), France, pioneer volcanologist
- Thomas Dibblee (1911-2004), USA, geological mapper and pioneer of San Andreas Fault movement study
- William R. Dickinson (born 1930), Arizona, USA, plate tectonics, Colorado Plateau
- Robert S. Dietz (1914–1995), USA, seafloor spreading pioneer
- Ignacy Domeyko (1802–1889), Slavic-Chilean geologist and mineralogist
- Robert John Wilson Douglas (1920–1979), Canadian petroleum geologist
- Aleksis Dreimanis (born 1914), Latvia & Canada, award-winning Quaternary geologist
- Hugo Dummett (1940 - 2002), South African mineral-exploration geologist, co-discoverer of Ekati Diamond Mine.
- Alexander du Toit (1878–1948), South African geologist, established correlations between Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil and South Africa
- Clarence Edward Dutton (1841–1912), USA, author of Tertiary History of the Grand Canyon District
Read more about this topic: List Of Geologists