F
- Jean Henri Fabre (1823–1915), French entomologist
- Johan Christian Fabricius (1745–1808), Danish entomologist
- David Fairchild (1869–1954), American botanist
- Hugh Falconer (1808–1865), Scottish paleontologist
- Leonardo Fea (1852–1903), Italian zoologist
- Christoph Feldegg (1780–1845), Austrian naturalist
- Lewis J. Feldman (born 1945), American botanist
- Howard Barraclough (Barry) Fell (1917–1994), English zoologist and pre-Columbian contact theorist
- Sérgio Ferreira (born 1934), Brazilian pharmacologist
- Harold John Finlay (1901–1951), New Zealand palaeontologist and conchologist
- Otto Finsch (1839–1917), German naturalist
- Johann Fischer von Waldheim (1771–1853), German entomologist
- James Fisher (1922–1970), English ornithologist
- Ronald Fisher (1890–1962), British biologist and statistician, one of the founders of population genetics
- Tim Flannery (1956-), Australian biologist
- Jim Flegg, British ornithologist
- Alexander Fleming (1881–1955), British medical scientist
- Walther Flemming (1843–1905), German physician and anatomist, discoverer of mitosis and chromosomes
- Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher (1878–1950), English entomologist
- Howard Walter Florey (1898–1968), pharmacologist who was the co-inventor of penicillin
- Brian J. Ford (born 1939), British biologist and writer
- E. B. Ford (1901–1988), British ecological geneticist
- Peter Forsskål (1732–1763), Swedish naturalist
- Georg Forster (1754–1794), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: G.Forst.)
- Johann Reinhold Forster (1729–1798), German naturalist
- Robert Fortune (1813–1880), Scottish botanist
- Dian Fossey (1932–1985), American zoologist
- Rosalind Franklin (1920–1958), contributor to the discovery of the structure of DNA
- Francisco Freire Allemão e Cysneiro (1797–1874), Brazilian botanist
- Elias Magnus Fries (1794–1878), one of the founders of modern mushroom taxonomy
- Karl von Frisch (1886–1982), Austrian ethologist and Nobel laureate, best known for pioneering studies of bees
- Imre Frivaldszky (1799–1870), Hungarian botanist
- Leonhart Fuchs (1501–1566), German botanist
- José María de la Fuente Morales (1855–1932), Spanish biologist
- Louis Agassiz Fuertes (1874–1927), American ornithologist
Read more about this topic: List Of Biologists