Lapis Manalis - Gate To The Underworld

Gate To The Underworld

One such stone covered the mundus Cereris, a pit thought to contain an entrance to the underworld. Most cities of Latium and Etruria contained a similar pit or ditch; Plutarch describes the custom of a mundus as being of Etruscan origin, and states that it was used as a place where first-fruits were deposited. The Latin word mundus meant "world". Festus, quoting Cato this time, explains that:

Mundo nomen impositum est ab eo mundo qui supra nos est.

(The mundus gets its name from that world which is above us.)

The Roman mundus was located in the Comitium. This stone was ceremonially opened three times a year, during which spirits of the blessed dead (the Manes) were able to commune with the living. The three days upon which the mundus was opened were August 24, October 5, and November 8. Fruits of the harvest were offered to the dead at this time. Macrobius, quoting Varro, says of these days that:

Mundus cum patet, deorum tristium atque inferum quasi ianua patet.

("When the mundus is open, it is as if a door stands open for the sorrowful gods of the underworld.")

Accordingly, he reports that military and public matters were not transacted upon them, even though they were not dies nefasti.