List of Common Kireji
Classical renga developed a tradition of 18 kireji, which were adopted by haikai, thence used for both renku and haiku, the most common of which are listed below:
- ka: emphasis; when at end of a phrase, it indicates a question
- 哉 kana: emphasis; usually can be found at a poem's end, indicates wonder
- -keri: exclamatory verbal suffix, past perfect
- -ramu or -ran: verbal suffix indicating probability
- -shi: adjectival suffix; usually used to end a clause
- -tsu: verbal suffix; present perfect
- や ya: emphasises the preceding word or words. Cutting a poem into two parts, it implies an equation, while inviting the reader to explore their interrelationship.
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