Khwae Noi River

The River Kwai, more correctly Khwae Noi (Thai: แควน้อย, "small tributary") or Khwae Sai Yok (Thai: แควไทรโยค ), is a river in western Thailand. It rises to the east of the Salween in the north-south spine of the Bilauktaung range near, but not over the border with Burma. It begins at the confluence of Ranti, Songkalia and Bikhli Rivers. At Kanchanaburi it merges with the Khwae Yai River to form the Mae Klong river, which empties into the Gulf of Thailand at Samut Songkhram.

The river is chiefly known for its association with the Pierre Boulle novel and David Lean film The Bridge on the River Kwai, in which Australian, Dutch and British prisoners of war were forced by the Japanese to construct two parallel bridges spanning a river as part of the Burma Railway, also called the Railway of Death, for the many lives lost in its construction. One bridge was wooden and temporary. The other was made of concrete and steel and still exists. The bridges actually spanned the Mae Klong, but as the railway subsequently follows the Khwae Noi Valley, the bridges became famous under the wrong name. In the 1960s, the upper part of the Mae Klong was renamed the Khwae Yai (big tributary").

A military history of the building of the bridges during World War II can be found in Professor Peter Davies's biography of the British officer Philip Toosey, ""The Man Behind the Bridge: Colonel Toosey and the River Kwai". The book, and an associated BBC Timewatch documentary, challenge many of the inaccuracies portrayed in Boulle's novel and Lean's film.

The Vajiralongkorn (formerly named Khao Laem Dam) and Srinagarind Dams are hydroelectric dams on the river.