The Kerma culture is an early African civilisation which flourished from around 2500 BCE to about 1600 BCE in Nubia, present day Sudan, centered at Kerma. It seems to have been one of a number of Sudanese states during the Middle Kingdom period of Ancient Egypt. In its latest phase, lasting from about 1700–1500 BCE, it absorbed the Sudanese kingdom of Sai and became a sizable, populous empire rivaling Egypt. Around 1500 BCE, it was absorbed into the Egyptian Empire, but rebellions continued for centuries. By the 11th century BCE, the more 'Egyptianized' Kingdom of Kush emerged, apparently from Kerma, and regained the region's independence from Egypt. Kerma's struggle against Egyptian occupation was one of the longest military struggles of the ancient world, lasting some 220 years (roughly 1500–1280 BCE).
Read more about Kerma Culture: Site of Kerma, The Eco-Political Structure of Kerma, Kerma's Place in Ancient History, Archaeology
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