Population
According to the 1897 census, the earliest census taken in the region, Kazakhs constituted 81.7% of the total population (3,392,751 people) within the territory of contemporary Kazakhstan. The Russian population in Kazakhstan was 454,402, or 10.95% of total population; there were 79,573 Ukrainians (1.91%); 55,984 Tatars (1.34%); 55,815 Uyghurs (1.34%); 29,564 Uzbeks (0.7%); 11,911 Mordovans (0.28%); 4,888 Dungan (0.11%); 2,883 Turkmen; 2,613 Germans; 2,528 Bashkir; 1,651 Jews; and 1,254 Poles.
Table: Ethnic Composition of Kazakhstan (census data)
| Nationality | 1959% | 1970% | 1979% | 1989% | 1999% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kazakh | 30.0 | 32.6 | 36.0 | 40.1 | 53.4 |
| Russian | 42.7 | 42.4 | 40.8 | 37.4 | 29.9 |
| Ukrainian | 8.2 | 7.2 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 3.7 |
| Belarusian | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.8 |
| German | 7.1 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 2.4 |
| Tatar | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.7 |
| Uzbek | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.5 |
| Uyghur | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
| Korean | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Read more about this topic: Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
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—Clive James (b. 1939)
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“We in the West do not refrain from childbirth because we are concerned about the population explosion or because we feel we cannot afford children, but because we do not like children.”
—Germaine Greer (b. 1939)