Capital
The provincial capital was in Shiki District, which is believed to have been at Kouiseki (国府遺跡?, "provincial capital ruins") in Fujiidera, but this is not known for certain. It may have been moved during the Nara period (both locations would still be within modern Fujiidera). However, in the Shūgaishō, the capital was in Ōagata District. In the Setsuyōshū, Tanboku District was mentioned as the seat.
It seems that there was no office of shugo before the Jōkyū War. It is unknown where the original shugo's residence was, but afterwards, it transferred to the Tannan, Furuichi, Wakae, and Takaya areas.
Read more about this topic: Kawachi Province
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—Rémy De Gourmont (1858–1915)
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—Karl Marx (1818–1883)