Writing System
Karakalpak was written in the Arabic and Persian script until 1928, in the Latin script (with additional characters) from 1928 to 1940, after which Cyrillic was introduced. Following Uzbekistan's independence in 1991, the decision was made to drop Cyrillic and revert to the Latin alphabet. Whilst the use of Latin script is now widespread in Tashkent, its introduction into Karakalpakstan remains gradual. The Cyrillic and Latin alphabets are shown below with their equivalent representations in the IPA. Cyrillic letters with no representation in the Latin alphabet are marked with asterisks.
| Cyrillic | Latin | IPA | Cyrillic | Latin | IPA | Cyrillic | Latin | IPA | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Аа | Aa | /a/ | Ққ | /q/ | Фф | Ff | /f/ | |||
| Әә | A'a' | /æ/ | Лл | Ll | /l/ | Хх | Xx | /x/ | ||
| Бб | Bb | /b/ | Мм | Mm | /m/ | Ҳҳ | Hh | /h/ | ||
| Вв | Vv | /v/ | Нн | Nn | /n/ | Цц* | ts | /ts/ | ||
| Гг | Gg | /ɡ/ | Ңң | N'n' | /ŋ/ | Чч* | ch | /tʃ/ | ||
| Ғғ | G'g' | /ɣ/ | Оо | Oo | /o/ | Шш | SHsh | /ʃ/ | ||
| Дд | Dd | /d/ | Өө | O'o' | /œ/ | Щщ* | sh | /ʃ/ | ||
| Ее | Ee | /e/ | Пп | Pp | /p/ | Ъъ* | ||||
| Ёё* | yo | /jo/ | Рр | Rr | /r/ | Ыы | Iı | /ɯ/ | ||
| Жж | Jj | /ʒ/ | Сс | Ss | /s/ | Ьь* | ||||
| Зз | Zz | /z/ | Тт | Tt | /t/ | Ээ | Ee | /e/ | ||
| Ии | İi | /i/ | Уу | Uu | /u/ | Юю* | yu | /ju/ | ||
| Йй | Yy | /j/ | Үү | U'u' | /y/ | Яя | ya | /ja/ | ||
| Кк | Kk | /k/ | Ўў | Ww | /w/ |
Read more about this topic: Karakalpak Language
Famous quotes containing the words writing and/or system:
“I don’t really think that writers, even great writers, are prophets, or sages, or Messiah-like figures; writing is a lonely, sedentary occupation and a touch of megalomania can be comforting around five on a November afternoon when you haven’t seen anybody all day.”
—Angela Carter (1940–1992)
“All who wish to hand down to their children that happy republican system bequeathed to them by their revolutionary fathers, must now take their stand against this consolidating, corrupting money power, and put it down, or their children will become hewers of wood and drawers of water to this aristocratic ragocracy.”
—Andrew Jackson (1767–1845)