Karajan, or Caragiani, Karagianni, Karayiannis, Karagianis, is a surname. Notable persons with that surname include:
- Eftychia Karagianni, Greek water polo player
- Georgios Karayiannis, Greek Army officer
- Herbert von Karajan (1908–1989), Austrian conductor, great-grandson of Theodor von Karajan
- Ioan D. Caragiani, Romanian folklorist
- Martha Karagianni, Greek actress
- Maurine Karagianis, Canadian politician
- Pete Karagianis, American chess player
- Vaios Karagiannis (born 1968), Greek football player