The Kara-Khanid Khanate was a confederation of Turkic tribes ruled by a dynasty known in literature as the Karakhanids (also spelt Qarakhanids) or Ilek Khanids, (Uzbek: Qoraxoniylar xoqonligi, Turkish: Karahanlılar, Kazakh: Қарахан мемлекеті, Persian: قَراخانيان, Qarākhānīyān or خاقانيه, Khakānīya, Chinese: 黑汗, 桃花石). Both dynastic names represent titles with Kara Kağan being the most important Turkish title up till the end of the dynasty. The Khanate conquered Transoxania in Central Asia and ruled between 999–1211. Their arrival in Transoxania signaled a definitive shift from Iranian to Turkic predominance in Central Asia. Their capitals included Kashgar, Balasagun, Uzgen and Samarkand. Their history is reconstructed from fragmentary and often contradictory written sources, as well as studies on their coinage.
Read more about Kara-Khanid Khanate: Origin, Conquest of Transoxiana, Division of The Kara-Khanid Khanate, Seljuk Suzerainty, Kara-Khitan Invasion, Downfall, Communication With Song China, Culture, Legacy, Kara-Khanid Dynasty