The Julian March (Croatian, Slovene: Julijska krajina; German: Julisch Venetien; Venetian: Venesia Julia; Friulian: Vignesie Julie), or in Italian, Venezia Giulia, is a term applied to an area of southeastern Europe, today split among Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy. It is a geographical term coined by Italy in order to redefine and rename the Austrian Littoral; Italy wanted to characterize it as a unified region historically part of Italy, by emphasizing the Augustan division of Italy at the beginning of the Roman Empire, when Venetia et Histria was the Regio X (tenth region).
The term was endorsed by Italian irredentists, who sought the annexation of the Austrian Littoral, the Trentino, Fiume, and Dalmatia. The United Kingdom promised to grant these areas to Italy in the break-up of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in exchange for its joining the Allied Powers in World War I. The secret Treaty of London in 1915 granted Italy territories that were exclusively as well as partially Slovene and Croat; it was more than a quarter of the ethnic Slovene territory, containing approximately 327.000 out of total population of 1.3 million ethnic Slovenes. With the exception of most of Dalmatia, the Treaty of Versailles (1920) after the war mostly granted these areas to Italy. Its government subjected the newly created region to forced Italianization.
A contemporary Italian autonomous region, bordering on Slovenia, is still named Friuli-Venezia Giulia, literally meaning "Friuli and Julian Venetia".
Read more about Julian March: The Term's Conceptualization, The Area's Ethnic and Linguistic Structure
Famous quotes containing the words julian and/or march:
“The rich were dull and they drank too much or they played too much backgammon. They were dull and they were repetitious. He remembered poor Julian and his romantic awe of them and how he had started a story once that began, “The very rich are different from you and me.” And how someone had said to Julian, “Yes, they have more money.””
—Ernest Hemingway (1899–1961)
“The next thing his Lordship does, after clearing of the coast, is the dividing of his forces, as he calls them, into two squadrons, one of places of Scriptures, the other of reasons....
All that I have to say touching this, is that I observe a great part of those his forces do look and march another way, and some of them fight amongst themselves.”
—Thomas Hobbes (1579–1688)