Second Temple Period and Apocalypticism
The majority of Second Temple texts have no reference to an individual end-time Messiah. Exceptions among the Dead Sea Scrolls include 4Q521, the "Messianic Apocalypse." Other messianic concepts are found in the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. Messianic allusions to some figures include to Menahem ben Hezekiah who traditionally was born on the same day that the Second Temple was destroyed.
Read more about this topic: Jewish Messianism
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“Intellectual life is international. Only a period of discouragement, an age that has given up on itself, that wants to “preserve,” that has been driven onto the defensive, can be intellectually nationalist. Such a period is essentially “conservative.” A person who has progress in his heart is international.”
—Robert Musil (1880–1942)