Jean Bosco Mwenda, also known as Mwenda wa Bayeke (1930–1990) was a pioneer of Congolese fingerstyle acoustic guitar music. He was also popular in other African countries, particularly East Africa, and in the late 1950s and early 1960s was briefly based in Nairobi, where he had a regular radio show and became a profound influence on a generation of Kenyan guitarists.
Mwenda's used the name Mwenda wa Bayeke, claiming descent from the Sanga noble clan of Bayeke. His music draws on various sources including the traditional music of his Luba/Sanga people. He was one of the few Congolese to obtain a Western education during the colonial era due to his father's position position in the Catholic Church. He worked at first as a clerk for the Likasi administration but soon achieved huge success as a guitarist, issuing his first recordings in 1952.
Along with his friend and sometime partner Losta Abelo, and his cousin Edouard Masengo, Bosco defined the Congolese acoustic guitar style. His song "Masanga" was particularly influential, due to its complex and varied guitar part. His influences included traditional music of Zambia and the Eastern Congo, Cuban groups like the Trio Matamoros, and cowboy movies. Bosco was born in 1930 at Bunkeya, a village near Likasi (then called Jadotville), Haut-Katanga District in then Belgian Congo, but lived most of his life in Lubumbashi, where in addition to playing music he had a job in a bank and with the local mining company, managed other bands, and owned a hotel on the Zambian border. He died September 1990 in a car accident in Zambia.
A 1982 video field recording by Gerhard Kubik exists in a compilation of influential African guitarists artists entitled "Native African Guitar". A 1982 CD with booklet (text by Gerhard Kubik, also in English; includes the Kisuahili song texts) is available from Museum für Völkerkunde, Berlin. The recordings include the complete concert Bosco gave at June 30, 1982 at the Museum für Völkerkunde, Berlin. In 1988 Cape Town based record label, Mountain Records, recorded a studio album of Mwenda's music and issued it in 1994. The album is entitled Mwenda wa Bayeke - African guitar legend.