Generation
The most common language targeting Java Virtual Machine by producing Java bytecode is Java. Originally only one compiler existed, the javac compiler from Sun Microsystems, which compiles Java source code to Java bytecode; but because all the specifications for Java bytecode are now available, other parties have supplied compilers that produce Java bytecode. Examples of other compilers include:
- Jikes, compiles from Java to Java bytecode (developed by IBM, implemented in C++)
- Espresso, compiles from Java to Java bytecode (Java 1.0 only)
- GCJ, the GNU Compiler for Java, compiles from Java to Java bytecode; it is also able to compile to native machine code and is available as part of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC).
Some projects provide Java assemblers to enable writing Java bytecode by hand. Assembly code may be also generated by machine, for example by compiler targeting Java virtual machine. Notable Java assemblers include:
- Jasmin, takes textual descriptions for Java classes, written in a simple assembly-like syntax using Java Virtual Machine instruction set and generates a Java class file
- Jamaica, a macro assembly language for the Java virtual machine. Java syntax is used for class or interface definition. Method bodies are specified using bytecode instructions.
Others have developed compilers, for different programming languages, in order to target the Java virtual machine, such as:
- JRuby and Jython, two scripting languages based on Ruby and Python
- Groovy, a scripting language based on Java
- Scala, a type-safe general-purpose programming language supporting object-oriented and functional programming
- JGNAT and AppletMagic, compile from the Ada programming language to Java bytecode
- C to Java byte-code compilers
- Clojure
- MIDletPascal
- JavaFX Script code is also compiled to Java bytecode.
Read more about this topic: Java Bytecode
Famous quotes containing the word generation:
“My generation was ... haunted by Dr. Freud’s psychoanalysis, which ... had become the latest rage among the intelligentsia. I feel sorry for the modern mothers who have not one but a whole swarm of famous psychiatrists to confuse their thinking and spoil their fun by reminding them constantly that love is a dangerous business.”
—Agnes E. Meyer (1887–1970)
“They shall beget and rear children, handing on the torch of life from one generation to another.”
—Plato (c. 427–347 B.C.)
“Where do whites fit in the New Africa? Nowhere, I’m inclined to say ... and I do believe that it is true that even the gentlest and most westernised Africans would like the emotional idea of the continent entirely without the complication of the presence of the white man for a generation or two. But nowhere, as an answer for us whites, is in the same category as remarks like What’s the use of living? in the face of the threat of atomic radiation. We are living; we are in Africa.”
—Nadine Gordimer (b. 1923)