Japanese Counter Word - Extended List of Counters

Extended List of Counters

This list also includes some counters and usages that are rarely used or not widely known; other words can also be used as counters more sporadically.

Pronunciation Japanese Use
ba Scene of a play
ばい bai Multiples, -fold as in "twofold"
ばん ban Nights (see also: ya)
ばん ban Position, turn, sports matches
bi Small fish and shrimps (used in the fish trade; most people say hiki instead)
bu Copies of a magazine or newspaper, or other packets of papers
ぶん bun Sentences
びょう byō Seconds
びょうし byōshi 拍子 Musical beats
ちゃく chaku Suits of clothing (see also: mai)
ちょう chō Guns, sticks of ink, palanquins, rickshaws, violins
ちょう chō Tools, scissors, saws, trousers, pistols, cakes of tofu, town blocks, servings at a restaurant
ちょう chō Town blocks
だい dai Generations, historical periods, reigns
だい dai Cars, bicycles, machines, mechanical devices, household appliances
だん dan levels, ranks, steps (of stairs).
だんらく danraku 段落 Paragraphs
do, also たび tabi Occurrences, number of times, degrees of temperature or angle (see also: kai).
ふで fude Sequences of letters or drawings that you write or draw without removing your pen off the paper. Not to be confused with "hitsu" (筆) below.
ふく fuku, ぷく puku Bowls of matcha (powdered green tea); packets or doses of powdered medicine; puffs (of, e.g., a cigarette); rests or breaks
ふく fuku, ぷく puku Hanging scrolls (kakejiku)
ふん fun, ぷん pun Minutes
ふり furi Swords
がっきゅう gakkyū 学級 Classes (in pre-university education)
がつ gatsu, also つき tsuki Months of the year. Month-long periods when read tsuki (see also: kagetsu)
go Words
ごん gon, also こと koto Words
gu Suits of armour, sets of furniture
ぎょう gyō Lines of text
はく haku Nights of a stay
はい hai, ぱい pai, ばい bai Cups and glasses of drink, spoonfuls, cuttlefish, octopuses, crabs, squid, abalone, boats (slang)
はい hai Losses (sports bouts)
はこ hako Boxes
はり hari Umbrellas, parasols, tents
はしら hashira Gods, memorial tablets
はつ hatsu, ぱつ patsu Gunshots, bullets, aerial fireworks; orgasms, sex acts
ひき hiki, ぴき piki Small animals, insects, fish, reptiles, amphibians, oni (ogres)
ひん hin, ぴん pin Parts of a meal, courses (see also: shina)
ひつ hitsu, ぴつ pitsu Pieces of land
ho, ぽ po Number of (foot)steps
ほん hon, ぽん pon, ぼん bon Long, thin objects: rivers, roads, train tracks, ties, pencils, bottles, guitars; also, metaphorically, telephone calls (see also: tsūwa), train or bus routes, movies, home runs, points or bounds in sports events. Although 本 also means "book", the counter for books is satsu.
ひょう hyō, ぴょう pyō Votes
ji Letters, kanji, kana
ji Children. As in "father of two (children)", etc.
ji Hours of the day
じかん jikan 時間 Hour-long periods
じょう Tatami mats. The kanji 畳 is also read tatami and is the same one used for the mats. The room size of a washitsu in Japan is given as a number of mats, for example 4½ yo jō han
じょう Pills/capsules
じょう Articles of law, thin objects, rays or streams of light, streaks of smoke or lightning
ka Day of the month
ka Frames
かぶ ka Lessons
かぶ kabu Stocks; nursery trees
かげつ kagetsu ヶ月, 箇月 Month-long periods (see also: gatsu). 箇 is normally abbreviated using a small katakana ヶ in modern Japanese. Alternatively 個, hiragana か, small katakana ヵ and full-size katakana カ & ケ can also be seen, although only か is similarly frequent.
かい kai Occurrences, number of times (see also: do)
かい kai, がい gai Number of floors, stories
かこく kakoku ヶ国, 箇国 Countries
かこくご kakokugo ヶ国語, 箇国語 (National) languages
かく kaku Strokes in kanji
かん kan Pieces of nigiri-zushi
かん kan Warships
けいとう keitou 系統 Bus routes
けん ken Abstract matters and cases
けん ken, げん gen Houses
ki Aircraft, machines
ki Graves, wreaths, CPUs, reactors, elevators, dams
きれ kire 切れ Slices (of bread, cake, sashimi etc.)
ko 個, 箇, 个, or ヶ General measure word, used when there is no specific counter. 個 is also used for military units.
ko Houses (戸 means "door")
こう Schools
こう 稿 Drafts of a manuscript
こう Banks
こま koma 齣, コマ Frames, panels. 齣 is virtually unused nowadays.
こん kon shots (of drink)
ku Sections, city districts
ku Haiku, senryū
くち kuchi (Bank) accounts, donations (口 means "opening" or "entrance")
くみ kumi Groups, a pair of people (twins, a husband and a wife, dancers, etc.)
くらす kurasu クラス School classes
きゃく kyaku Desks, chairs, long-stemmed glasses
きゃく kyaku Pairs of cup and saucer
きょく kyoku Pieces of music
きょく kyoku Board game matches (chess, igo, shogi, mahjong); radio stations, television stations
まい mai Thin, flat objects, sheets of paper, photographs, plates, articles of clothing (see also: chaku)
まき maki or かん kan Rolls, scrolls, kan for volumes of book
まく maku Theatrical acts
めい mei People (polite) (名 means "name")
めん men Mirrors, boards for board games (chess, igo, shogi), stages of computer games, walls of a room, tennis courts,
もん mon Cannons
もん mon Questions
ねん nen Years, school years (grades); not years of age
にち nichi Days of the month (but see table of exceptions below)
にん nin People (but see table of exceptions below)
にんまえ ninmae 人前 Food portions (without exceptions, unlike nin above)
おり ori Boxes made of folded paper (compare to hako above, which refers to boxes in general)
ぺーじ pēji ページ, 頁 Pages
れい rei Cases, Examples
れい rei Bows during worship at a shrine
ri り or 人 People, used in the words 一人 (ひとり) and 二人 (ふたり).
りん rin Wheels, Flowers
りょう ryō Railway cars
さい sai 才 or 歳 Years of age
さお sao Chests of drawers, flags
さつ satsu Books
せき seki Seats, Rakugo shows, (drinking) parties
せき seki Ships, half of a pair (e.g., half of a folding screen), item carried in a bundle (fish, birds, arrows etc.)
しな shina Parts of a meal, courses (see also: hin)
しゃ sha used for businesses, i.e. 会社
しき shiki Sets of things, such as documents or furniture
しょう shō Wins (sports bouts)
しゅ shu Tanka
しゅう shū Weeks
しゅるい shurui or しゅ shu 種類 or 種 Kinds, species
そく soku Pairs of footwear, pairs of socks, stockings, tabi
たば taba bundles (of banknotes), bunches (of flowers, vegetables), sheaves
たい tai Images, statues, person's remains, dolls
たわら tawara Bags of rice
てき teki Drops of liquid
てん ten Points, dots, pieces of a set
とう Large animals, cattle, elephants, whales, dolphins, butterflies (頭 means "head")
とき toki Time periods, a sixth of either day or night (in the traditional, obsolete way of telling time). See also: jikan
とり tōri 通り Combinations, puzzle solutions
tsu Used as part of the indigenous Japanese numbers 一つ, 二つ, 三つ etc.
つう tsū Letters
つぼ tsubo Commonly used unit of area equal to 3.3 square metres.
つうわ tsūwa 通話 Telephone calls (see also: hon)
wa, ば ba, ぱ pa Birds, rabbits* (see note); 羽 means "feather" or "wing."
wa Bundles
wa Stories, episodes of TV series, etc.
ya Nights (see also: ban)
ぜん zen Pairs of chopsticks; bowls of rice

*Japanese Buddhist monks were not allowed to eat any meat other than birds, but liked rabbit meat so much they came up with the contrived "explanation" that rabbits are actually birds, and that their ears are unusable wings. The rationale was that while moving, rabbits only touched the ground with two feet at a time. Nowadays, wa is the usual counter for rabbits.

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