January 22 - Events

Events

• 565 – Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus.
• 1506 – The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrives at the Vatican.
• 1555 – Ava Kingdom falls to Toungoo Dynasty of Burma.
• 1689 – The Convention Parliament convenes to determine if James II and VII, the last Roman Catholic monarch of England, Ireland and Scotland, had vacated the thrones when he fled to France in 1688.
• 1824 – The Ashantis defeat British forces in the Gold Coast.
• 1849 – Second Anglo-Sikh War: The Siege of Multan ends after nine months when the last Sikh defenders of Multan, Punjab, surrender.
• 1863 – The January Uprising breaks out in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. The aim of the national movement is to regain Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth from occupation by Russia.
• 1877 – Arthur Tooth, an Anglican clergyman is taken into custody after being prosecuted for using ritualist practices.
• 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Isandlwana – Zulu troops defeat British troops.
• 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Rorke's Drift – 139 British soldiers successfully defend their garrison against an intense assault by four to five thousand Zulu warriors.
• 1889 – Columbia Phonograph is formed in Washington, D.C.
• 1890 – The United Mine Workers of America is founded in Columbus, Ohio.
• 1899 – Leaders of six Australian colonies meet in Melbourne to discuss confederation.
• 1901 – Edward VII is proclaimed King after the death of his mother, Queen Victoria.
• 1905 – Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg, beginning of the 1905 revolution.
• 1906 – SS Valencia runs aground on rocks on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, killing more than 130.
• 1915 – Over 600 people are killed in Guadalajara, Mexico, when a train plunges off the tracks into a deep canyon.
• 1917 – World War I: President Woodrow Wilson of the still-neutral United States calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.
• 1919 – Act Zluky is signed, unifying the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukrainian National Republic.
• 1924 – Ramsay MacDonald becomes the first Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
• 1927 – Teddy Wakelam gives the first live radio commentary of a football match anywhere in the world, between Arsenal F.C. and Sheffield United at Highbury.
• 1941 – World War II: British and Commonwealth troops capture Tobruk from Italian forces during Operation Compass.
• 1944 – World War II: The Allies commence Operation Shingle, an assault on Anzio, Italy.
• 1946 – Iran: Qazi Muhammad declares the independent people's Republic of Mahabad at Chuwarchira Square in the Kurdish city of Mahabad. He is the new president; Hadschi Baba Scheich is the prime minister.
• 1946 – Creation of the Central Intelligence Group, forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency.
• 1947 – KTLA, the first commercial television station west of the Mississippi River, begins operation in Hollywood, California.
• 1957 – Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula.
• 1957 – The New York City "Mad Bomber", George P. Metesky, is arrested in Waterbury, Connecticut and is charged with planting more than 30 bombs.
• 1959 – Knox Mine Disaster: Water breaches the River Slope Mine near Pittston City, Pennsylvania in Port Griffith; 12 miners are killed.
• 1962 – The Organization of American States suspends Cuba's membership.
• 1963 – The Elysée treaty of cooperation between France and Germany is signed by Charles de Gaulle and Konrad Adenauer.
• 1968 – Apollo 5 lifts off carrying the first Lunar module into space.
• 1968 – Operation Igloo White, a US electronic surveillance system to stop communist infiltration into South Vietnam begins installation.
• 1969 – A gunman attempts to assassinate Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.
• 1970 – The Boeing 747, the world's first "jumbo jet", enters commercial service for launch customer Pan American Airways with its maiden voyage from John F. Kennedy International Airport to London Heathrow Airport.
• 1971 – The Singapore Declaration, one of the two most important documents to the uncodified constitution of the Commonwealth of Nations, is issued.
• 1973 – The Supreme Court of the United States delivers its decision in Roe v. Wade, legalizing elective abortion in all fifty states.
• 1973 – A chartered Boeing 707 explodes in flames upon landing at Kano Airport, Nigeria, killing 176.
• 1984 – The Apple Macintosh, the first consumer computer to popularize the computer mouse and the graphical user interface, is introduced during Super Bowl XVIII with its famous "1984" television commercial.
• 1987 – Pennsylvania politician R. Budd Dwyer shoots and kills himself during a televised press conference, leading to debates on boundaries in journalism.
• 1987 – Philippine security forces open fire on a crowd of 10,000–15,000 demonstrators at Malacañan Palace, Manila, killing 13.
• 1990 – Robert Tappan Morris, Jr. is convicted of releasing the 1988 Internet Computer worm.
• 1991 – Gulf War: Three SCUDs and one Patriot missile hit Ramat Gan in Israel, injuring 96 people. Three elderly people die of heart attacks.
• 1992 – Rebel forces occupy Zaire's national radio station in Kinshasa and broadcast a demand for the government's resignation.
• 1995 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: Beit Lid massacre – In central Israel, near Netanya, two suicide bombers from the Gaza Strip blow themselves up at a military transit point killing 19 Israelis.
• 1999 – Australian missionary Graham Staines and his two sons are burned alive by radical Hindus while sleeping in their car in Eastern India.
• 2002 – Kmart becomes the largest retailer in United States history to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection.
• 2006 – Evo Morales is inaugurated as President of Bolivia, becoming the country's first indigenous president.
• 2007 – At least 88 people are killed when two car bombs explode in the Bab Al-Sharqi market in central Baghdad, Iraq.