Biography
Chadwick was born in Bollington, Cheshire to John Joseph Chadwick and Anne Mary Knowles Chadwick. He attended the Bollington Cross C of E Primary School and the Central Grammar School for Boys in Manchester, and studied at the universities of Manchester and Cambridge.
In 1913, Chadwick entered the Technical University of Berlin, studying under Hans Geiger and Sir Ernest Rutherford on an 1851 Research Fellowship. Chadwick was in Germany at the start of World War I, and he was detained in the Ruhleben internment camp near Berlin. While he was interned, he was allowed to set up a laboratory in the stables. There, with the help of Charles D. Ellis, he worked on the ionization of phosphorus and on the photochemical reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine. He spent most of the war years in Ruhleben until Geiger's laboratory interceded for his release.
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