Other Letters
In addition to being used to indicate a hard ⟨c⟩ or ⟨g⟩ before front vowels, ⟨h⟩ is also used to distinguish ho, hai, ha, hanno (present indicative of avere, 'to have') from o ('or'), ai ('to the'), a ('to'), anno ('year'); since ⟨h⟩ is always silent, there is no difference in the pronunciation of such words. In foreign loanwords, the h is still silent: hovercraft /ˈɔverkraft/.
⟨Z⟩ represents an alveolar affricate consonant; either voiced /dz/ (zanzara /dzanˈdzara/ 'mosquito') or voiceless /ts/ (nazione /naˈttsjone/ 'nation'), depending on context, though there are few minimal pairs.
⟨S⟩ also is ambiguous to voicing; it can represent /s/ or /z/. However, these two phonemes are in complementary distribution everywhere except between two vowels in the same word and, even in such environments, there are very few minimal pairs.
The letters J ("I lunga" ), K ("cappa"), W ("V doppia" or "doppia V" ), X ("ics") and Y ("ipsilon" or "I greca" ) are used for loanwords only.
Read more about this topic: Italian Alphabet
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“Letters are above all useful as a means of expressing the ideal self; and no other method of communication is quite so good for this purpose.... In letters we can reform without practice, beg without humiliation, snip and shape embarrassing experiences to the measure of our own desires....”
—Elizabeth Hardwick (b. 1916)
“...he sent letters to all the royal provinces, to every province in its own script and to every people in its own language, declaring that every man should be master in his own house.”
—Bible: Hebrew, Esther 1:22.
King Ahasuerus, after his Queen Vashti refused to come at the king’s command.