Production
Isobutyric acid may be artificially prepared by the hydrolysis of isobutyronitrile with alkalis, by the oxidation of isobutanol with potassium dichromate and sulfuric acid, or by the action of sodium amalgam on methacrylic acid. It is a liquid of somewhat unpleasant smell, boiling at 155 °C. Its specific gravity is 0.9697 (0 °C). Heated with chromic acid solution to 140 °C, it gives carbon dioxide and acetone. Alkaline potassium permanganate oxidizes it to α-hydroxyisobutyric acid, (CH3)2-C(OH)-COOH. Its salts are more soluble in water than those of butyric acid.
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