Irish Republican Army - Civil War

Civil War

The pro-treaty IRA soon became the nucleus of the new (regular) Irish National Army created by Collins and Richard Mulcahy. British pressure, and tensions between the pro- and anti-Treaty factions of the IRA, led to a bloody civil war, ending in the defeat of the anti-Treaty faction. On 24 May 1923, Frank Aiken, the (anti-treaty) IRA Chief-of-Staff, called a cease-fire. Many left political activity altogether, but a minority continued to insist that the new Irish Free State, created by the "illegitimate" Treaty, was an illegitimate state. They asserted that their "IRA Army Executive" was the real government of a still-existing Irish Republic. The IRA of the Civil War and subsequent organisations that have used the name claim lineage from that group, which is covered in full at Irish Republican Army (1922–1969).

For information on later organisations using the name Irish Republican Army, see the table below. For a genealogy of organisations using the name IRA after 1922, see List of organisations known as the Irish Republican Army.

Armed Republican groups in Ireland
Earlier organisations
Society of United Irishmen (1791–1804)
Young Ireland (1839–1849)
Irish Republican Brotherhood (1858–1922)
Fenian Brotherhood (1858–1867)
Clan na Gael (1867–1922)
Easter Rising
Irish Citizen Army (1913–1947)
Irish Volunteers (1913–1919)
Cumann na mBan (1914–present)
Irish War of Independence
Irish Republican Army (Army of the Irish Republic) (1919–1922)
Irish Civil War
Anti-treaty Irish Republican Army (1922–1969)
Later organisations
Saor Uladh (1950s) • Saor Éire (1967–1975)
Provisional IRA (1969–present)
Official IRA (1969–present)
Irish National Liberation Army (1974–present)
Irish People's Liberation Organisation (1986–1992)
Continuity IRA (1986–present)
Real IRA (1997–present)
Óglaigh na hÉireann (Continuity IRA splinter group) (2006–2009)
Óglaigh na hÉireann (Real IRA splinter group) (2006–present)

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Famous quotes by civil war:

    “He was high and mighty. But the kindest creature to his slaves—and the unfortunate results of his bad ways were not sold, had not to jump over ice blocks. They were kept in full view and provided for handsomely in his will. His wife and daughters in the might of their purity and innocence are supposed never to dream of what is as plain before their eyes as the sunlight, and they play their parts of unsuspecting angels to the letter.”
    —Anonymous Antebellum Confederate Women. Previously quoted by Mary Boykin Chesnut in Mary Chesnut’s Civil War, edited by C. Vann Woodward (1981)

    “Luxury, or a refinement on the pleasures and conveniences of life, had long been supposed the source of every corruption in government, and the immediate cause of faction, sedition, civil wars, and the total loss of liberty. It was, therefore, universally regarded as a vice, and was an object of declamation to all satyrists, and severe moralists.”
    —David Hume (1711–1776)