Iodothyronine Deiodinase - Types

Types

In most vertebrates, there are three types of enzymes that can deiodinate thyroid hormones:

Type Location Function
type I (DI) is commonly found in the liver and kidney DI can deiodinate both rings
type II deiodinase (DII) is found in the heart, skeletal muscle, CNS, fat, thyroid, and pituitary DII can only deiodinate the outer ring of the prohormone thyroxine and is the major activating enzyme (the already inactive reverse triiodothyronine is also degraded further by DII)
type III deiodinase (DIII) found in the fetal tissue and the placenta DIII can only deiodinate the inner ring of thyroxine or triiodothyronine and is the major inactivating enzyme

The following is a list of the three human iodothyronine deiodinases:

Type I iodothyronine deiodinase
Identifiers
Symbol DIO1
Alt. symbols TXDI1
Entrez 1733
HUGO 2883
OMIM 147892
RefSeq NM_000792
UniProt P49895
Other data
EC number 1.97.1.10
Locus Chr. 1 p32-p33
Type II iodothyronine deiodinase
Identifiers
Symbol DIO2
Alt. symbols TXDI2, SelY
Entrez 1734
HUGO 2884
OMIM 601413
RefSeq NM_000793
UniProt Q92813
Other data
EC number 1.97.1.10
Locus Chr. 14 q24.2-24.3
Type III iodothyronine deiodinase
Identifiers
Symbol DIO3
Alt. symbols TXDI3
Entrez 1735
HUGO 2885
OMIM 601038
RefSeq NM_001362
UniProt P55073
Other data
EC number 1.97.1.11
Locus Chr. 14 q32

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