IO Devices
There are several FDA approved IO devices including Vidacare's battery-powered EZ-IO and Pyng's hand-powered FAST1 and (FAST-X) FAST-COMBAT and FAST-RESPONDER. Other devices include the spring-loaded WaisMed's BIG Bone Injection Gun (BIG), the COOK IO needle, and the Jamshidi 15G.
There have been at least two studies comparing the EZ-IO and the BIG. Another paper compared the EZ-IO with the COOK IO needle. These three papers all found a minor preference for the EZ-IO. Another study compared the Jamshidi 15G, the BIG 15G, and the FAST1, finding median insertion times of 38, 49 and 62 seconds respectively (p = 0.004).
The EZ-IO is used by 90 percent of US advanced life support ambulances and over half of US Emergency Departments, as well as the US Military, and is available in over 50 countries worldwide. The EZ-IO is FDA-cleared for use on adult and pediatric patients in medically necessary instances, including difficult vascular access situations, as well as resuscitation and shock. The EZ-IO can be inserted in the proximal tibia, proximal humerus and the distal tibia.
Pyng's FAST1 and FASTx (FAST-COMBAT, FAST-RESPONDER) is inserted into the manubrium (upper sternum). This device completely removes any guesswork during application. It is the only device that operates in this fashion, and is therefore deployable under limited visibility, in moving vehicles and under otherwise austere conditions. This device cannot be "over deployed," to penetrate the target bone (manubrium) and enter the anterior mediastinum; other devices that are hand drilled, or mechanically drilled have been confirmed as having done this in several post-mortem radiologic examinations.
Read more about this topic: Intraosseous Infusion
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