Greco-Roman Equivalents
The following is a list of Greek, Roman, and Etruscan equivalents, based on usage among the ancients themselves, supported by the analyses of modern scholars. "Equivalent" should not be taken to mean "the same god". For instance, when the myths or even cult practices of a particular Roman deity were influenced by the Greek or Etruscan tradition, the deity may have had an independent origin and a tradition that is culturally distinctive.
| Greek | Greek (Romanized) | Roman | Roman (Anglicized) | Etruscan | Functions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ἄδωνις | Adonis | Atunis | lord, master, or patron | ||
| Ἀμφιτρίτη | Amphitrite | Salacia | The third surrounding | ||
| Ἀνάγκη | Ananke | Necessitas | force, constraint, necessity | ||
| Ἄνεμοι | Anemoi | Venti | Winds | ||
| Ἀφροδίτη | Aphrodite | Venus | Turan | love or sexual desire | |
| Ἀπόλλων (Apollōn) / Φοῖβος (Phoibos) |
Apollo / Phoebus | Apollo / Phoebus | Aplu | Phoebus means shining one | |
| Ἄρης | Ares | Mars | Maris | war | |
| Ἄρτεμις | Artemis | Diana | ' | Artume | Heavenly or Divine; 'hunting, the hunt |
| Ἀσκληπιός (Asklēpios) | Asclepius | Aesculapius / Vejovis | |||
| Αθήνη | Athena / Athene | Minerva | Menrva | the goddess of war, civilization, wisdom, strength, strategy, crafts, justice and skill in Greek mythology | |
| Ἄτροπος | Atropos | Morta | Leinth | without turn; Death | |
| Βορέας | Boreas | Aquilo / Aquilon | Andas | North Wind or Devouring One | |
| Χάριτες (Kharites) | Charites | Gratiae | Graces | ||
| Χάρων (Kharōn) | Charon | Charon | Charun | fierce brightness | |
| Χλωρίς (Khlōris) | Chloris | Flora | Chloris means greenish-yellow, pale green, pale, pallid or fresh. Flora means "flower." | ||
| Κλωθώ (Klōthō) | Clotho | Nona | Spin or Twiddle | ||
| Κρόνος (Kronos) | Cronus | Saturnus | Saturn | ||
| Κυβέλη (Kubelē) | Cybele | Magna Mater | Great Mother | ||
| Δημήτηρ | Demeter | Ceres | Cels | Earth Mother | |
| Διόνυσος (Dionusos) / Βάκχος (Bakkhos) |
Dionysus / Bacchus | Liber / Bacchus | Fufluns | ||
| Ἐνυώ | Enyo | Bellona | Warlike | ||
| Ἠώς | Eos | Aurora / Matuta | Thesan | Dawn | |
| Ἐρινύες | Erinyes | Dirae / Furiae | Furies | ||
| Ἔρις | Eris | Discordia | Strife | ||
| Ἔρως | Eros | Cupido / Amor | Cupid | love | |
| Εὖρος (Euros) | Eurus | Vulturnus | |||
| Γαῖα | Gaia / Gaea | Terra / Tellus | Cel | mother earth | |
| Γαλινθιᾶς | Galanthis / Galinthias | Galinthis | Weasel | ||
| Ἁιδης (Hadēs) / Πλούτων (Plouton) |
Hades / Pluto | Dis Pater / Pluto / Orcus | Aita | The Unseen; Wealth | |
| Ἥβη | Hebe | Iuventas | Juventas | ||
| Ἑκάτη (Hekatē) | Hecate | Trivia | she who has power far off | ||
| Ἥλιος | Helios | Sol | Aplu | Sun | |
| Ἥφαιστος (Hḗphaistos) | Hephaestus | Vulcanus | Vulcan | Sethlans | metalwork, forges |
| Ἥρα | Hera | Iuno | Juno | Uni | marriage, family |
| Ἡρακλής (Hēraklē̂s) | Heracles | Hercules | Hercle | Glory of Hera | |
| Ἑρμῆς | Hermes | Mercurius | Mercury | Turms | Mercurius related to Latin merx (merchandise), mercari (to trade), and merces (wages); Mercury was among other attributes the patron of commerce |
| Ἕσπερος (Hesperos) | Hesperus | Vesper | evening, supper, evening star, west | ||
| Ἕστία | Hestia | Vesta | hearth, fireplace | ||
| Ὑγίεια | Hygeia | Salus | Health | ||
| Ὕπνος | Hypnos | Somnus | Sleep | ||
| Εἰρήνη (Eirēnē) | Irene | Pax | Peace | ||
| Ianus | Janus | Ani | Archway, indecision | ||
| Λάχεσις (Lakhesis) | Lachesis | Decima | Disposer of Lots, luck | ||
| Λητώ | Leto | Latona | |||
| Μοῖραι (Moirai) | Moirai / Moerae | Parcae / Fatae | Fates | Apportioners | |
| Μοῦσαι (Mousai) | Musae | Camenae | Muses | ||
| Νίκη | Nike | Victoria | Victory | ||
| Νότος (Notos) | Notus | Auster | |||
| Νύξ (Nuks) | Nyx | Nox | Night | ||
| Ὀδυσσεύς | Odysseus | Ulixes / Ulysses | Uthuze | ||
| Παλαίμων (Palaimōn) | Palaemon | Portunes | |||
| Πάν | Pan | Faunus | nature, the wild | ||
| Silvanus | Selvans | of the woods | |||
| Περσεφόνη | Persephone | Proserpina | Proserpine | to emerge | |
| Φήμη | Pheme | Fama | Fame/Rumor | ||
| Φωσφόρος (Phōsphoros) | Phosphorus | Lucifer | Light Bearer | ||
| Ποσειδῶν | Poseidon | Neptune | Nethuns | sea, water, horses | |
| Πρίαπος (Priapos) | Priapus | Mutinus Mutunus | |||
| Ῥέα | Rhea | Magna Mater / Ops (See Cybele, above) |
|||
| Σάτυροι (Saturoi) / Πάνες | Satyrs / Panes (See Pan, above) |
Fauni | Fauns | ||
| Σελήνη | Selene | Luna | Moon | ||
| Σεμέλη | Semele | Stimula | Semla | ||
| Θάνατος | Thanatos | Mors | Leinth, Charun | Death | |
| Θέμις | Themis | Iustitia | Justice | law of nature | |
| Τύχη (Tukhe) | Tyche | Fortuna | Fortune | Nortia | Luck; Fortune |
| Ουρανός (Ouranos) | Uranus | Caelus | Sky | ||
| Vertumnus | Voltumna | ||||
| Ζέφυρος (Zephuros) | Zephyrus / Zephyr | Favonius | the West Wind; Favorable | ||
| Ζεύς | Zeus | Iuppiter / Iovis | Jupiter / Jove | Tinia | Sky Father |
Read more about this topic: Interpretatio Graeca