English As A Lingua Franca in Foreign Language Teaching
See also: English as a foreign or second languageEnglish as an additional language (EAL) is usually based on the standards of either American English or British English as well as incorporating foreign terms. English as an international language (EIL) is EAL with emphasis on learning different major dialect forms; in particular, it aims to equip students with the linguistic tools to communicate internationally. Roger Nunn considers different types of competence in relation to the teaching of English as an International Language, arguing that linguistic competence has yet to be adequately addressed in recent considerations of EIL.
Several models of "simplified English" have been suggested for teaching English as a foreign language:
- Basic English, developed by Charles Kay Ogden (and later also I. A. Richards) in the 1930s; a recent revival has been initiated by Bill Templer
- Threshold Level English, developed by van Ek and Alexander
- Globish, developed by Jean-Paul Nerrière
- Basic Global English, developed by Joachim Grzega
Furthermore, Randolph Quirk and Gabriele Stein thought about a Nuclear English, which, however, has never been fully developed.
With reference to the term "Globish", Robert McCrum has used this to mean "English as global language". Jean-Paul Nerriere uses it for a constructed language.
Read more about this topic: International English
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“One father is more than a hundred schoolmasters.”
—17th-century English proverb, collected in George Herbert, Outlandish Proverbs (1640)
“He tries by a peculiar speech to speak
The peculiar potency of the general,
To compound the imaginations Latin with
The lingua franca et jocundissima.”
—Wallace Stevens (18791955)
“Oh, has the foul atmosphere of foreign lands extinguished all your self-respect? Do you come back sordid and sycophantic, and the slave of opinions you would once have utterly detested?”
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“Theoretically, I grant you, there is no possibility of error in necessary reasoning. But to speak thus theoretically, is to use language in a Pickwickian sense. In practice, and in fact, mathematics is not exempt from that liability to error that affects everything that man does.”
—Charles Sanders Peirce (18391914)
“What is this? A new teaching -with authority! He commands even the unclean spirits, and they obey him.”
—Bible: New Testament, Mark 1:27.
Of Jesus after he had exorcized an unclean spirit.