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In South Africa, the pass laws (notably the Pass Laws Act 1952, which applied until 1986) were a component of the apartheid system. The laws regulated where, when and for how long a person could remain outside their homeland. They also made it compulsory for all black South Africans over the age of 15 to carry a pass book at all times. However, the legislation also required that citizens of all races have on their person an ID book, which closely approximates a passport in form.
Civil liberties campaigners in western democracies have likened some planned counter-terrorism measures as akin to the introduction of an internal passport. Tim Lott, writing in London's Evening Standard in December 2002, said that the proposed British identity card was a possible precursor to an internal passport.
Ardent privacy advocates in the United States, such as Bill Scannell of dontspyon.us, called the CAPPS II plan to color-code air passengers by their potential terrorist status a prelude to an internal passport. However, the phrase is not commonly used to describe these measures.
Internal passports were also used in the Confederate States of America.
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