Intel QuickPath Interconnect - QuickPath Interconnect Frequency Specifications

QuickPath Interconnect Frequency Specifications

QPI operates at a clock rate of 2.4 GHz, 2.93 GHz, or 3.2 GHz. The clock rate for a particular link depends on the capabilities of the components at each end of the link and the signal characteristics of the signal path on the printed circuit board. The non-extreme Core i7 9xx processors are restricted to a 2.4 GHz frequency at stock reference clocks. Bit transfers occur on both the rising and the falling edges of the clock, so the transfer rate is double the clock rate.

Intel describes the data throughput (in GB/s) by counting only the 64-bit data payload in each 80-bit "flit". However, Intel then doubles the result because the unidirectional send and receive link pair can be simultaneously active. Thus, Intel describes a 20-lane QPI link pair (send and receive) with a 3.2 GHz clock as having a data rate of 25.6 GB/s. A clock rate of 2.4 GHz yields a data rate of 19.2 GB/s. More generally, by this definition a two-link 20-lane QPI transfers eight bytes per clock cycle, four in each direction.

The rate is computed as follows:

3.2 GHz

× 2 bits/Hz (double data rate)

× 20 (QPI link width)

× (64/80) (data bits/flit bits)

× 2 (unidirectional send and receive operating simultaneously)

÷ 8 (bits/byte)

= 25.6 GB/s