Southern Removals
| Nation | Population east of the Mississippi before removal treaty | Removal treaty (year signed) |
Years of major emigration | Total number emigrated or forcibly removed | Number stayed in Southeast | Deaths during removal | Deaths from warfare |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Choctaw | 19,554 + white citizens of the Choctaw Nation + 6000 black slaves | Dancing Rabbit Creek (1830) | 1831–1836 | 12,500 | 7,000 | 2,000–4,000+ (Cholera) | none |
| Creek | 22,700 + 900 black slaves | Cusseta (1832) | 1834–1837 | 19,600 | 100s | 3,500 (disease after removal) | ? (Second Creek War) |
| Chickasaw | 4,914 + 1,156 black slaves | Pontotoc Creek (1832) | 1837–1847 | over 4,000 | 100s | 500–800 | none |
| Cherokee | 21,500 + 2,000 black slaves |
New Echota (1835) | 1836–1838 | 20,000 + 2,000 slaves | 1,000 | 2,000–8,000 | none |
| Seminole | 5,000 + fugitive slaves | Payne's Landing (1832) | 1832–1842 | 2,833 | 250–500 | 700 (Second Seminole War) |
Many figures have been rounded.
Read more about this topic: Indian Removal
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“Archaeologists have uncovered six-thousand-year-old clay tablets from southern Babylonia that describe in great detail how the adults of that community found the younger generation to be insolent and disobedient.”
—Lawrence Kutner (20th century)
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