Hydrochloric Acid - Physical Properties

Physical Properties

Concentration Density Molarity pH Viscosity Specific
heat		 Vapour
pressure		 Boiling
point		 Melting
point
kg HCl/kg kg HCl/m3 Baumé kg/L mol/dm3 mPa·s kJ/(kg·K) kPa °C °C
10% 104.80 6.6 1.048 2.87 −0.5 1.16 3.47 1.95 103 −18
20% 219.60 13 1.098 6.02 −0.8 1.37 2.99 1.40 108 −59
30% 344.70 19 1.149 9.45 −1.0 1.70 2.60 2.13 90 −52
32% 370.88 20 1.159 10.17 −1.0 1.80 2.55 3.73 84 −43
34% 397.46 21 1.169 10.90 −1.0 1.90 2.50 7.24 71 −36
36% 424.44 22 1.179 11.64 −1.1 1.99 2.46 14.5 61 −30
38% 451.82 23 1.189 12.39 −1.1 2.10 2.43 28.3 48 −26
The reference temperature and pressure for the above table are 20 °C and 1 atmosphere (101.325 kPa).
Vapour pressure values are taken from the International Critical Tables, and refer to the total vapour pressure of the solution.

Physical properties of hydrochloric acid, such as boiling and melting points, density, and pH, depend on the concentration or molarity of HCl in the aqueous solution. They range from those of water at very low concentrations approaching 0% HCl to values for fuming hydrochloric acid at over 40% HCl.

Hydrochloric acid as the binary (two-component) mixture of HCl and H2O has a constant-boiling azeotrope at 20.2% HCl and 108.6 °C (227 °F). There are four constant-crystallization eutectic points for hydrochloric acid, between the crystal form of HCl·H2O (68% HCl), HCl·2H2O (51% HCl), HCl·3H2O (41% HCl), HCl·6H2O (25% HCl), and ice (0% HCl). There is also a metastable eutectic point at 24.8% between ice and the HCl·3H2O crystallization.

Read more about this topic:  Hydrochloric Acid

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