Glycogen Synthase - Isozymes

Isozymes

In humans, there are two paralogous isozymes of glycogen synthase:

isozyme tissue distribution gene
glycogen synthase 1 muscle and other tissues GYS1
glycogen synthase 2 liver GYS2

The liver enzyme expression is restricted to the liver, whereas the muscle enzyme is widely expressed. Liver glycogen serves as a storage pool to maintain the blood glucose level during fasting, whereas muscle glycogen synthesis accounts for disposal of up to 90% of ingested glucose. The role of muscle glycogen is as a reserve to provide energy during bursts of activity.

glycogen synthase 1 (muscle)
Identifiers
Symbol GYS1
Entrez 2997
HUGO 4706
OMIM 138570
RefSeq NM_002103
UniProt P13807
Other data
EC number 2.4.1.11
Locus Chr. 19 q13.3
glycogen synthase 2 (liver)
Identifiers
Symbol GYS2
Entrez 2998
HUGO 4707
OMIM 138571
RefSeq NM_021957
UniProt P54840
Other data
EC number 2.4.1.11
Locus Chr. 12 p12.2-11.2

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