Founding of The Sokoto Caliphate
Muhammed Bello, the son of Usman dan Fodio, transformed the semi-permanent camp of Sokoto into a city in 1809, during the Fulani war. Usman ruled from Sokoto as the religious leader of the Fulani jihad states from that point until 1815 when he retired from administrative duties. The structure formed for the Caliphate involved the appointment of various Emirs to govern the various states of the empire. These were often individuals who had fought in the Fulani wars.
Read more about this topic: Fulani War
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