Separation
Aircraft separation is divided up into the Protected Zone and the Alert Zone. In the larger zone, called the "alert zone", the system informs the aircraft through one of the three approaches that an aircraft is in the vicinity. It acts as a flag and merely alerts the aircrew. In the protected zone, the area must remain sterile of all foreign objects. It is the minimum distance anything can approach. The system should alert the aircrew before anything comes close to it but if it manages to enter the protected zone aircrew will take evasive maneuver to avoid a collision.
Read more about this topic: Free Flight (air Traffic Control)
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