Foreign Relations of The United Kingdom - Europe

• Albania has an embassy in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Tirana.
• FCO Profile

• The United Kingdom's Consulate-General in Barcelona handles the United Kingdom's consular activities in Andorra.

• Austria has an embassy in London and 4 honourary consulates (in Birmingham, Edinburgh, Grand Cayman and Hamilton).
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Vienna and 4 honourary consulates in Bergenz, Graz, Innsbruck, and Salzburg.

Relations between the Austrian Empire and England were established in the Middle Ages. The United Kingdom and Austria continue these relations. Both countries are full members of the European Union.

• Belarus has an embassy in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Minsk.

• Belgium has an embassy in London and Honorary Consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Edinburgh, Gibraltar, Kingston-upon-Hull, Manchester, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Saint Helier and Southampton.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy and a Consulate General in Brussels.

The two countries have trading links going back to the 10th century, especially wool trade from England to the County of Flanders.

• Bosnia and Herzegovina has an embassy in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Sarajevo and an embassy office in Banja Luka.

• Bulgaria has an embassy in London and a Honorary Consulate in Dundee.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Sofia,

Both countries are members of the European Union and NATO.

• Croatia has an embassy in London and a Consulate in Edinburgh.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Zagreb and Consulates in Dubrovnik and Split.

• Cyprus has a High Commission in London and Honorary Consulates in Birmingham, Bristol, Dunblane, Glasgow, Northern Ireland and West Yorkshire.
• The United Kingdom has a High Commission in Nicosia.

• The Czech Republic has an embassy in London and Honorary Consulates in Belfast and Edinburgh.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Prague.

HM Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom paid a state visit to the Czech Republic in March 1996.

The United Kingdom has an embassy in Copenhagen and Denmark has an embassy in London. Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union. HM Queen Margrethe II of Denmark paid state visits to the United Kingdom in April/May 1974, and in February 2000. HM Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom paid state visits to Denmark in May 1957, and in May 1979.

• Estonia has an embassy in London and Honorary Consuls in Liverpool, Cheltenham, Paisley and Wales.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Tallinn.

• Finland has an embassy in London and honorary consulates in Aberdeen, Belfast, Birmingham, Bristol, Cardiff, Dover, Dundee, Edinburgh, Gibraltar, Glasgow, Hamilton, Harwich, Hull, Immingham, Leeds, Lerwick, Liverpool, Manchester, Middlesbrough, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, Nottingham, Plymouth, Rochester, Sheffield, Southampton and St Helier.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Helsinki and honorary consulates in the Åland Islands, Jyväskylä, Kotka, Kuopio, Oulu, Rovaniemi, Turku, Tampere and Vaasa.

• France has an embassy in London and Consulate Generals in London and Edinburgh.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Paris and Consulates in Bordeaux, Lyon and Marseille.

• Georgia has an embassy in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Tbilisi.

• Germany has an embassy in London and a Consulate General in Edinburgh. German also has Honorary Consulates in Aberdeen, Barrow on Humber, Belfast, Coventry, Bristol, Cardiff, Dover, Glasgow, Guernsey, Jersey, Kirkwall, Leeds, Lerwick, Liverpool, Middlesbrough, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Plymouth and Southampton.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Berlin and Consulate Generals in Düsseldorf and Munich. The United Kingdom also has Honorary Consulates in Bremen, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Hannover, Kiel, Nürnberg and Stuttgart.
• The UK maintains a 22 000 strong British Army in Western Germany, as part of the British Forces Germany.

• Greece has an embassy in London and Honorary Consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Edinburgh, Gibraltar, Glasgow and Leeds.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Athens and a Honorary Vice Consulate in Patras. The United Kingdom also has Honorary Consulates in Crete, Corfu, Rhodes, Thessaloniki and Zakynthos.

The two countries share membership of the European Union and NATO, but the issue of the Elgin Marbles removed from the Parthenon by the Earl of Elgin in 1806 and still housed in the British Museum has not been resolved.

The United Kingdom did not re-establish relations until 1914. Full relations were recognised in 1982 when Pope John Paul II visited the UK.

• Hungary has an embassy in London and Honorary Consulates in Belfast, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Liverpool and Torquay.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Budapest.

• Iceland has an embassy in London and 17 honorary consulates in: Aberdeen, Birmingham, Cardiff, Dover, Edinburgh, Fleetwood, Glasgow, Grimsby, Jersey, Lerwick, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Northern Ireland, and Ormskirk.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Reykjavik and a Honorary Vice-Consulate in Akureyri.

• Ireland has an embassy in London and a Consulate General in Edinburgh.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Dublin.

Under the Ireland Act 1949 Irish citizens are treated as though they are Commonwealth citizens and not aliens for the purposes of law. See Commonwealth of Nations & Ireland Section above.

• Italy has an embassy in London, two Consulate Generals in Edinburgh & London and Honorary Consulates in Belfast, Glasgow & Liverpool. Italy also has Honorary Vice Consulates in Aberdeen, Birmingham, Cardiff & Nottingham and Honorary Consular Agency in Ashford, Bristol, Chestnut, Dundee, Greenock, Guernsey, Hull, Jersey, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Peterborough, Watford & Woking.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Rome, a Consulate-General in Milan and a Consulate in Rome.

Between 4 and 5 million British tourists visit Italy every year, while 1 million Italian tourists visit the UK. There are about 19,000 British nationals living in Italy, and 150,000 Italians living in the UK.

• 'Britalian' - British people of Italian descent.

• Kosovo has a Consular Mission in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Pristina.

When Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008, the United Kingdom became one of the first countries to officially announce recognition of sovereign Kosovo on 18 February 2008. The United Kingdom has had an embassy in Pristina since 5 March 2008. Kosovo has an embassy in London since 1 October 2008.

• Latvia has an embassy in London and Honorary Consulates in Edinburgh, Northern Ireland, Manchester and Wales.
• The United Kingdom has embassy in Riga.

• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Vilnius and an honorary consulate in Klaipėda.
• Lithuania has an embassy in London and 4 honorary consulates in Northern Ireland, North East England, Wales and the West Midlands.

There are around 100,000 Lithuanians living in the United Kingdom. Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union. In 2006, HM Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Prince Philip paid an official state visit to Lithuania.

• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Lithuania
• Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign affairs: list of bilateral treaties with Poland (in Lithuanian only)

• Malta has a High Commission in London and Consulates in Gibraltar, the Isle of Man, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
• The United Kingdom has a High Commission in Valletta.

Malta is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. See Commonwealth of Nations & Ireland Section above.

• Moldova has an embassy in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Chişinău.

The number of British and Moldovan citizens in Moldova and the United Kingdom respectively is insignificant. When visiting Moldova no visa obligation exists for British citizens for stays in Moldova less than 90 days, otherwise a visa is required. For Moldovan citizens a visa is required for any border crossing, except for transfer passengers.

• Embassy of The Republic of Moldova to United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office

• Montenegro has an embassy in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Podgorica.
• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office Montenegro country profile

• The Netherlands has an embassy in London and Consulates in Aberdeen, Belfast, Birmingham, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Guernsey, Hamilton, Harwich, Hull, Liverpool, Manchester, Plymouth and Southampton. The Netherlands also has a Vice Consulate in Dover.
• United Kingdom has an embassy in The Hague and Consulates in Amsterdam and Willemstad.

• The Norway has an embassy in London and Consulate General in Edinburgh. Norway also has Consulates in Aberdeen, Ardrossan, Barrow-on-Furness, Belfast, Birmingham, Bristol, Cardiff, Douglas, Dundee, Gibraltar, Glasgow, Grimsby, Inverness, Jersey, Kirkwall, Lerwick, Liverpool, London, Manchester, Newcastle, Plymouth, Southampton and Stornoway.
• United Kingdom has an embassy in Oslo and Consulates in Alesund, Bergen, Stavanger and Tronheim. The United Kingdom also has Honorary Consulates in Bodø, Kristiansand and Tromsø..

• Poland has an embassy in London, a Consulate General in Edinburgh and Manchester. Poland also has Honorary Consulates in Bristol, Gibraltar, Hull, Kidderminster, Newry and St Helier.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Warsaw.

In the 1990s and 2000s democratic Poland has maintained close relations with Britain; both in defence matters and within the EU; Britain being one of only a few countries allowing equal rights to Polish workers upon their accession in 2004.

• Portugal has an embassy and Consulate General in London and Consulates in Belfast, Edinburgh, Hamilton, Manchester and St Helier.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Lisbon and Consulates in Lisbon and Portimão. The United Kingdom also has Honorary Consulates in Funchal, Oporto and Ponta Delgada.

The relationship dates back to the Middle Ages in 1373 with the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance.

• Romania has an embassy in London and a Consulate in Edinburgh. Romania also has Honorary Consulates in Hirwaun, Leeds, Morpeth-Newcastle and Southampton.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Bucharest.
• In 2009 Romanian immigrants were attacked in Northern Ireland.
• See also Romanian migration to the United Kingdom
• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Romania

• Russia has an embassy in London and a Consulate in Edinburgh.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Moscow and Consulate Generals in Ekaterinburg and Saint Petersburg.

Spanning nearly five centuries, the relationship has often switched from a state of alliance to rivalry. Presently there is a diplomatic row going on over extraditions.

• San Marino has a Consulate General in London.
• The United Kingdom has a Consulate General to San Marino in Rome.

• Serbia has an embassy in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Belgrade.
• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Serbia

• Slovakia has an embassy in London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Bratislava.
• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the relation with Slovakia

• Slovenia has an embassy in London and has Consulate Generals in Belfast and Edinburgh.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Ljubljana.

• Spain has an embassy in London and Consulate Generals in Edinburgh and London.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Madrid and Consulate Generals in Barcelona and Madrid. The United Kingdom also has Consulates in Bilbao, Ibiza, Las Palmas, Malaga, Palma de Mallorca and Tenerife.

During the Second World War Spain remained neutral, but were perceived to be closely aligned with Nazi Germany. Following the end of the war, frosty relations continued between the two states until the end of the Franco era and the democratisation of Spain.

• Sweden has an embassy in London as well as Consulate Generals in Edinburgh and Gibraltar. Sweden also has consulates in Guernsey and Jersey as well as honorary consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Brighton, Bristol, Cardiff, Dover, Glasgow, Immingham, Lerwick, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Southampton and Stornonway.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Stockholm and honoury consulates in Gothenburg and Malmö.

• Switzerland has an embassy in London and Consulate General in Edinburgh. Switzerland also has Consulates in Belfast, Cardiff, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Hamilton, Manchester and St Peter Port.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Berne.

The United Kingdom is the second biggest importer of goods from Turkey, after Germany. Turkey exports around 8% of its total goods to the United Kingdom. Around 1,000,000 Britons take holidays in Turkey every year, while 100,000 Turks travel to the UK for business or pleasure.

The United Kingdom does not recognise the TRNC. The TRNC is only recognised by Turkey. The UK is also a signatory to a treaty with Greece and Turkey concerning the independence of Cyprus, the Treaty of Guarantee, which maintains that Britain is a "guarantor power" of the island's independence.

• Ukraine opened an Embassy in London in October 1992 and a Consulate General in Edinburgh in February 2002.
• The United Kingdom Consulate-General in Kiev opened in November 1991 and became an Embassy in January 1992.
• See also Ukrainian diaspora in the United Kingdom
• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the relations with Ukraine