The Force Publique (FP), French for "Public Force", was both a gendarmerie and a military force in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1885, (when the territory was known as the Congo Free State), through the period of direct Belgian colonial rule (1908 to 1960). Immediately following independence, the FP was retitled as the Congolese National Army or ANC.
Read more about Force Publique: Establishment, Under The Congo Free State, Post-Independence, Aviation, Former Members, See Also
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“It isn’t that you subordinate your ideas to the force of the facts in autobiography but that you construct a sequence of stories to bind up the facts with a persuasive hypothesis that unravels your history’s meaning.”
—Philip Roth (b. 1933)
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