Force Carrier - Examples

Examples

  • The electromagnetic force can be described by the exchange of virtual photons.
  • The nuclear force binding protons and neutrons can be described by an effective field of which mesons are the excitations.
  • At sufficiently large energies, the strong interaction between quarks can be described by the exchange of virtual gluons.
  • Beta decay is an example of an interaction due to the exchange of a W boson, but not an example of a force.
  • Gravitation may be due to the exchange of virtual gravitons.

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