First Spanish Republic
The Spanish Republic (Spanish: República Española) was the political regime that existed in Spain between the parliamentary proclamation on 11 February 1873 and 29 December 1874 when General Arsenio Martínez-Campos's pronunciamento marked the beginning of the Bourbon Restoration in Spain. The Republic's founding started with the abdication as King on 10 February 1873 of Amadeo I, following the Hidalgo Affair, when he had been required by the radical government to sign a decree against the artillery officers. The next day, 11 February the republic was declared by a parliamentary majority made up of radicals, republicans and democrats.
Read more about First Spanish Republic: Overview, Proclamation of The Republic, The Federal Republic, The Government of Pi I Margall, Drafting The Federal Constitution, The Government of Nicolás Salmerón, The Government of Emilio Castelar, The Unitary Republic, The End of The Republic
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“The French courage proceeds from vanity—the German from phlegm—the Turkish from fanaticism & opium—the Spanish from pride—the English from coolness—the Dutch from obstinacy—the Russian from insensibility—but the Italian from anger.”
—George Gordon Noel Byron (1788–1824)
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—Stendhal [Marie Henri Beyle] (1783–1842)