First-class Citizen - Second and Third Class Objects

Second and Third Class Objects

Raphael Finkel offers definitions of second and third class objects (or, as he calls them, values). However, his definition of "first class object" is contrary to other authors': specifically, he does not require run-time constructability, so he would consider C functions to be first-class.

Manipulation First Second Third
Pass value as a parameter yes yes no
Return value from a procedure yes no no
Assign value into a variable yes no no

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