Total Effect
The total effect, obtained by summing the three components up, is given by the following expression :
where is the total angular momentum ( if and otherwise). It is worth noting that this expression was first obtained by A. Sommerfeld based on the old Bohr theory, i.e., before the modern quantum mechanics was formulated.
Read more about this topic: Fine Structure
Famous quotes containing the words total and/or effect:
“Fear is cruel and mean. The political reigns of terror have been reigns of madness and malignity,—a total perversion of opinion; society is upside down, and its best men are thought too bad to live.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
“I have witnessed, and greatly enjoyed, the first act of everything which Wagner created, but the effect on me has always been so powerful that one act was quite sufficient; whenever I have witnessed two acts I have gone away physically exhausted; and whenever I have ventured an entire opera the result has been the next thing to suicide.”
—Mark Twain [Samuel Langhorne Clemens] (1835–1910)