Cultivation
European beech is a very popular ornamental tree in parks and large gardens in temperate regions of the world. It is frequently kept clipped to make attractive hedges. Since the early nineteenth century there have been numerous cultivars of European beech made by horticultural selection, often repeatedly; they include:
- copper beech or purple beech (Fagus sylvatica Purpurea Group) - leaves purple, in many selections turning deep spinach green by mid-summer. In the United States Charles Sprague Sargent noted the earliest appearance in a nurseryman's catalogue in 1820, but in 1859 "the finest copper beech in America... more than fifty feet high" was noted in the grounds of Thomas Ash, Esq., Throggs Neck, New York; it must have been more than forty years old at the time.
- fern-leaf beech (Fagus sylvatica Heterophylla Group) - leaves deeply serrated to thread-like
- dwarf beech (Fagus sylvatica Tortuosa Group) - distinctive twisted trunk and branches
- weeping beech (Fagus sylvatica Pendula Group) - branches pendulous
- Dawyck beech (Fagus sylvatica 'Dawyck') - fastigiate growth
- golden beech (Fagus sylvatica 'Zlatia') - leaves golden in spring
The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-
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