The extended file system, or ext, was implemented in April 1992 as the first file system created specifically for the Linux kernel. It has metadata structure inspired by the traditional Unix File System (UFS) and was designed by Rémy Card to overcome certain limitations of the MINIX file system. It was the first implementation that used the virtual file system (VFS), for which support was added in the Linux kernel in version 0.96c, and it could handle file systems up to 2 gigabytes (GB) in size.
It is the first in the series of the extended file systems, superseded by both ext2 and xiafs, between which there was a competition, which ext2 won because of its long-term viability. ext2 remedied issues with ext, such as the immutability of inodes and fragmentation.
Read more about Extended File System: Other Extended File Systems
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