Compound Verbs
| modifier | head | examples |
|---|---|---|
| preposition | verb | overrate, underline, outrun |
| adverb | verb | downsize, upgrade |
| adjective | verb | whitewash, blacklist, foulmouth |
| noun | verb | browbeat, sidestep, manhandle |
| preposition | noun | out-Herod, out-fox |
A compound verb is usually composed of a preposition and a verb, although other combinations also exist. The term compound verb was first used in publication in Grattan and Gurrey's Our Living Language (1925).
From a morphological point of view, some compound verbs are difficult to analyze because several derivations are plausible. Blacklist, for instance, might be analyzed as an adjective+verb compound, or as an adjective+noun compound that becomes a verb through zero derivation. Most compound verbs originally have the collective meaning of both components, but some of them later gain additional meanings that may supersede the original, emergent sense. Therefore, sometimes the resultant meanings are seemingly barely related to the original contributors.
Compound verbs composed of a noun and verb are comparatively rare, and the noun is generally not the direct object of the verb. In English, compounds such as *bread-bake or *car-drive do not exist. Yet, we find literal action words, such as breastfeed, and washing instructions on clothing as for example hand wash.
Read more about this topic: English Compound
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