Empress Gemmei (元明天皇, Gemmei-tennō?, 660 – December 29, 721), also known as Empress Genmyō, was the 43rd monarch of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
Gemmei's reign spanned the years 707 through 715.
In the history of Japan, Gemmei was the fourth of eight women to take on the role of empress regnant. The three female monarchs before Gemmei were: (a) Suiko, (b) Kōgyoku/Saimei, and (c) Jitō. The four women sovereigns reigning after Gemmei were (d) Genshō, (e) Kōken/Shōtoku, (f) Meishō, and (g) Go-Sakuramachi.
Read more about Empress Gemmei: Traditional Narrative, Eras of Gemmei's Reign
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“The Empress is Legitimist, my cousin is Republican, Morny is Orleanist, I am a socialist; the only Bonapartist is Persigny, and he is mad.”
—Napoleon Bonaparte III (18081873)