Early Cyrillic Alphabet - Alphabet

Alphabet

Image Unicode Name
(Cyrillic)		 Name
(translit.)		 Name
(IPA)		 Trans. IPA Numeric value Origin Notes
А а азъ azŭ a 1 Greek alpha Α "I"
Б б боукы buky , b One of forms of Greek veetah Β "letters"
В в вѣдѣ vědě v 2 Greek veetah Β "know"
Г г глаголи glagoli g 3 Greek gamma Γ "speak"
Д д добро dobro d 4 Greek delta Δ "good"
Є є єсть estĭ e 5 Greek epsilon Ε "am" or "is" – present tense from "to be"
Ж ж живѣтє živěte ž, zh Glagolitic zhivete Ⰶ "live"
Ѕ ѕ / Ꙃ ꙃ ѕѣло dzělo dz 6 Greek stigma Ϛ "very"
З з / Ꙁ ꙁ земля zemlja z 7 Greek zeta Ζ The first form developed into the second. "earth"
И и ижє iže i 8 Greek eta Η "which"
І і / Ї ї и/ижеи i/ižei i, I 10 Greek iota Ι "and"
К к како kako k 20 Greek kappa Κ "as"
Л л людиѥ ljudije l 30 Greek lambda Λ "people"
М м мыслитє myslite ~ m 40 Greek mu Μ "think"
Н н нашь našĭ n 50 Greek nu Ν "ours"
О о онъ onŭ o 70 Greek omicron Ο "he" or "it"
П п покои pokoi p 80 Greek pi Π "peaceful state"
Р р рьци rĭci r 100 Greek rho Ρ "say"
С с слово slovo s 200 Greek lunate sigma Ϲ "word" or "speech"
Т т тврьдо tvrdo t 300 Greek tau Τ "hard" or "surely"
Оу оу / Ꙋ ꙋ оукъ ukŭ u 400 Greek omicron-upsilon ΟΥ / Ꙋ The first form developed into the second, a vertical ligature. "learning"
Ф ф фрьтъ frtŭ f 500 Greek phi Φ
Х х хѣръ xěrŭ kh 600 Greek chi Χ
Ѡ ѡ отъ otŭ ō, w 800 Greek omega ω "from"
Ц ц ци ci c 900 Glagolitic tsi Ⱌ
Ч ч чрьвь črvĭ č, ch 90 Glagolitic cherv Ⱍ "worm"
Ш ш ша ša š, sh Glagolitic sha Ⱎ
Щ щ шта šta št, sht Glagolitic shta Ⱋ Later analyzed as a Ш-Т ligature by folk etymology
Ъ ъ ѥръ jerŭ ŭ, u: Derived from Greek beta Β ?, Glagolitic yer Ⱏ ?
Ꙑ ꙑ ѥры jery y , or possibly Ъ + I ligature
Ь ь ѥрь jerĭ ĭ, i: Derived from Greek beta Β ?, Glagolitic yerj Ⱐ ?
Ѣ ѣ ять jatĭ ě Derived from Greek beta Β ?, Glagolitic yat Ⱑ ?
Ꙗ ꙗ я ja ja I-А ligature
Ѥ ѥ ѥ je: je І-Є ligature
Ю ю ю ju ju I-ОУ ligature, dropping У There was no sound in early Slavic, so I-ОУ did not need to be distinguished from I-О.
Ѧ ѧ ѧсъ ęsŭ ę, ẽ 900 Glagolitic ens Ⱔ Called юсъ малый (little yus) in Russian.
Ѩ ѩ ѩсъ jęsŭ ję, jẽ I-Ѧ ligature Called юсъ малый йотированный (iotated little yus) in Russian.
Ѫ ѫ ѫсъ ǫsŭ ǫ, õ Glagolitic ons Ⱘ Called юсъ большой (big yus) in Russian.
Ѭ ѭ ѭсъ jǫsŭ jǫ, jõ I-Ѫ ligature Called юсъ большой йотированный (iotated big yus) in Russian.
Ѯ ѯ кси ksi ks 60 Greek ksi Ξ These last four letters were not needed for Slavic but used to transcribe Greek and as numerals.
Ѱ ѱ пси psi ps 700 Greek psi Ψ
Ѳ ѳ фита fita θ, th, T, F ~~ 9 Greek theeta Θ
Ѵ ѵ ижица ižica ü, v , 400 Greek eepsilon Υ
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1 Includes Banat Bulgarian alphabet.

In addition to the basic letters, there were a number of scribal variations, combining ligatures, and regionalisms used, all of which varied over time.

Read more about this topic:  Early Cyrillic Alphabet

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