Alphabet
Image | Unicode | Name (Cyrillic) |
Name (translit.) |
Name (IPA) |
Trans. | IPA | Numeric value | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
А а | азъ | azŭ | a | 1 | Greek alpha Α | "I" | |||
Б б | боукы | buky | , | b | One of forms of Greek veetah Β | "letters" | |||
В в | вѣдѣ | vědě | v | 2 | Greek veetah Β | "know" | |||
Г г | глаголи | glagoli | g | 3 | Greek gamma Γ | "speak" | |||
Д д | добро | dobro | d | 4 | Greek delta Δ | "good" | |||
Є є | єсть | estĭ | e | 5 | Greek epsilon Ε | "am" or "is" – present tense from "to be" | |||
Ж ж | живѣтє | živěte | ž, zh | Glagolitic zhivete Ⰶ | "live" | ||||
Ѕ ѕ / Ꙃ ꙃ | ѕѣло | dzělo | dz | 6 | Greek stigma Ϛ | "very" | |||
З з / Ꙁ ꙁ | земля | zemlja | z | 7 | Greek zeta Ζ | The first form developed into the second. "earth" | |||
И и | ижє | iže | i | 8 | Greek eta Η | "which" | |||
І і / Ї ї | и/ижеи | i/ižei | i, I | 10 | Greek iota Ι | "and" | |||
К к | како | kako | k | 20 | Greek kappa Κ | "as" | |||
Л л | людиѥ | ljudije | l | 30 | Greek lambda Λ | "people" | |||
М м | мыслитє | myslite | ~ | m | 40 | Greek mu Μ | "think" | ||
Н н | нашь | našĭ | n | 50 | Greek nu Ν | "ours" | |||
О о | онъ | onŭ | o | 70 | Greek omicron Ο | "he" or "it" | |||
П п | покои | pokoi | p | 80 | Greek pi Π | "peaceful state" | |||
Р р | рьци | rĭci | r | 100 | Greek rho Ρ | "say" | |||
С с | слово | slovo | s | 200 | Greek lunate sigma Ϲ | "word" or "speech" | |||
Т т | тврьдо | tvrdo | t | 300 | Greek tau Τ | "hard" or "surely" | |||
Оу оу / Ꙋ ꙋ | оукъ | ukŭ | u | 400 | Greek omicron-upsilon ΟΥ / Ꙋ | The first form developed into the second, a vertical ligature. "learning" | |||
Ф ф | фрьтъ | frtŭ | f | 500 | Greek phi Φ | ||||
Х х | хѣръ | xěrŭ | kh | 600 | Greek chi Χ | ||||
Ѡ ѡ | отъ | otŭ | ō, w | 800 | Greek omega ω | "from" | |||
Ц ц | ци | ci | c | 900 | Glagolitic tsi Ⱌ | ||||
Ч ч | чрьвь | črvĭ | č, ch | 90 | Glagolitic cherv Ⱍ | "worm" | |||
Ш ш | ша | ša | š, sh | Glagolitic sha Ⱎ | |||||
Щ щ | шта | šta | št, sht | Glagolitic shta Ⱋ | Later analyzed as a Ш-Т ligature by folk etymology | ||||
Ъ ъ | ѥръ | jerŭ | ŭ, u: | Derived from Greek beta Β ?, Glagolitic yer Ⱏ ? | |||||
Ꙑ ꙑ | ѥры | jery | y | , or possibly | Ъ + I ligature | ||||
Ь ь | ѥрь | jerĭ | ĭ, i: | Derived from Greek beta Β ?, Glagolitic yerj Ⱐ ? | |||||
Ѣ ѣ | ять | jatĭ | ě | Derived from Greek beta Β ?, Glagolitic yat Ⱑ ? | |||||
Ꙗ ꙗ | я | ja | ja | I-А ligature | |||||
Ѥ ѥ | ѥ | je: | je | І-Є ligature | |||||
Ю ю | ю | ju | ju | I-ОУ ligature, dropping У | There was no sound in early Slavic, so I-ОУ did not need to be distinguished from I-О. | ||||
Ѧ ѧ | ѧсъ | ęsŭ | ę, ẽ | 900 | Glagolitic ens Ⱔ | Called юсъ малый (little yus) in Russian. | |||
Ѩ ѩ | ѩсъ | jęsŭ | ję, jẽ | I-Ѧ ligature | Called юсъ малый йотированный (iotated little yus) in Russian. | ||||
Ѫ ѫ | ѫсъ | ǫsŭ | ǫ, õ | Glagolitic ons Ⱘ | Called юсъ большой (big yus) in Russian. | ||||
Ѭ ѭ | ѭсъ | jǫsŭ | jǫ, jõ | I-Ѫ ligature | Called юсъ большой йотированный (iotated big yus) in Russian. | ||||
Ѯ ѯ | кси | ksi | ks | 60 | Greek ksi Ξ | These last four letters were not needed for Slavic but used to transcribe Greek and as numerals. | |||
Ѱ ѱ | пси | psi | ps | 700 | Greek psi Ψ | ||||
Ѳ ѳ | фита | fita | θ, th, T, F | ~~ | 9 | Greek theeta Θ | |||
Ѵ ѵ | ижица | ižica | ü, v | , | 400 | Greek eepsilon Υ |
South Slavic languages and dialects |
---|
Western South Slavic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eastern South Slavic |
|
|
|
Transitional dialects |
|
|
Alphabets |
|
|
1 Includes Banat Bulgarian alphabet. |
In addition to the basic letters, there were a number of scribal variations, combining ligatures, and regionalisms used, all of which varied over time.
Read more about this topic: Early Cyrillic Alphabet
Famous quotes containing the word alphabet:
“Roger Thornhill: Youre police, arent you. Or is it FBI?
Professor: FBI, CIA, OIwere all in the same alphabet soup.”
—Ernest Lehman (b.1920)