Demographics of China - CIA World Factbook

CIA World Factbook

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. No statistics have been included for areas currently governed by the Republic of China (Taiwan). Unless stated otherwise, statistics refer only to mainland China. (See Demographics of Hong Kong and Demographics of Macau.)

Population

• Mainland only: 1,338,612,968 (2009)
• Hong Kong: 7,055,071 (2009)
• Macau: 559,846 (2009)
• Total: 1,346,227,885 (2009).
• Population rank: 1 (See List of countries by population.)

Urban-rural ratio

• Urban: 49.68% (2010) — 665,570,000
• Rural: 50.32% (2010) — 674,150,000

Age structure

• 0–14 years: 16.60% (2011)
• 15–64 years: 72.1% (male 495,724,889/female 469,182,087) (2009)

Population growth rate

• Population growth rate: 0.57% (2000-2010 average)

Sex distribution

• Sex distribution: male 51.27%; female 48.73% (2010)

Sex ratio

• At birth: 1.133 male(s)/female (2011)
• Under 15 years: 1.17 male(s)/female (2011)
• 15–64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female (2011)
• 65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female (2011)
• Total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2011)

Infant mortality rate

• Total: 22.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2007)
• Male: 20.01 deaths/1,000 live births (2007)
• Female: 24.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2007)

See Infant mortality in China

Child mortality

• 415,000 children (under 16) died in China in 2006 (4.3% of the world total)

Life expectancy at birth

• Total population: 73.69 years (2007)
• Male: 71.37 years (2007)
• Female: 75.18 years (2007)

Marriage and divorce

• Marriage rate: 6.3/1,000 population (2006)
• Divorce rate: 1.0/1,000 population (2006)

Literacy rate

Age 5 and over can read and write:

• Total population: 95.92% (2010 census)
• Male: 95.1% (2000 census)
• Female: 86.5% (2000 census)

Educational attainment

As of 2000, percentage of population age 15 and over having:

• no schooling and incomplete primary: 15.6%
• completed primary: 35.7%
• some secondary: 34.0%
• complete secondary: 11.1%
• some postsecondary through advanced degree: 3.6%

Religious affiliation

• Predominantly: Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Ethnic minority religions and Ancestral worship.
• Others: Christianity (3% – 4%), Islam (1.5%), others.
• Note: State atheism, but traditionally pragmatic and eclectic.

Sources:

Major cities

Provincial level Administrative divisions of China by:
Area
Population
Population density
GDP
GDP per capita
Gender ratio
Disposable income per capita
HDI
Highest point
Natural growth rate
Life expectancy
Illiteracy rate
Tax Revenues
Historical capitals

Only urban population stated (over 1 million people at least), as of 2005:

1. Shanghai 10,030,800
2. Beijing 7,699,300
3. Suzhou 6,521,300
4. Tianjin 4,933,100
5. Guangzhou 4,653,100
6. Wuhan 4,593,400
7. Chongqing 4,239,700
8. Shenyang 3,995,500
9. Nanjing 2,966,000
10. Harbin 2,735,100
11. Chengdu 2,664,000
12. Xi’an 2,657,900
13. Jinan 2,346,000
14. Changchun 2,283,800
15. Dalian 2,181,600
16. Hangzhou 2,059,800
17. Shijiazhuang 1,971,000
18. Taiyuan 1,970,300
19. Qingdao 1,930,200
20. Zhengzhou 1,770,800
21. Kunming 1,597,800
22. Lanzhou 1,576,400
23. Changsha 1,562,200
24. Xiamen 1,532,200.

Households

• Average household size: 3.10
• Total households: 401,520,00
  • Of which are family households: 340,491,197 (96.9%)
  • Of which are collective households: 10,742,501 (3.1%)

HIV

See HIV/AIDS in China.

• Adult population (ages 15–49) living with HIV: 0.15% (2008)
• People living with HIV/AIDS: 100,000 (2008)
• HIV/AIDS deaths: 44,000 (2003)

Causes of death

Major causes of death per 100,000 population, based on 2004 urban population samples:

• malignant neoplasms (cancers): 119.7
• cerebrovascular disease: 88.4
• respiratory diseases: 78.1
• heart diseases: 74.1
• accidents, violence, and poisoning: 43.5

Income

As of 2003, the distribution of urban household income:

• Average per capita disposable income by quintile: Y 9,061
  • first quintile: Y 3,285
  • second quintile: Y 5,377
  • third quintile: Y 7,279
  • fourth quintile: Y 9,763
  • fifth quintile: Y 17,431

Working life

Quality of working life:

• Average workweek: 40 hours (1998)
• Annual rate per 100,000 workers for: (1997)
  • injury or accident: 0.7
  • industrial illness: 36
  • death: 1.4
• Death toll from work accidents: 127,000 (2005)
• Funds for pensions and social welfare relief: Y 26,668,000,000 (2001)

Access to services

• Percentage of population having access to electricity (2000): 98.6%
• Percentage of total population with safe public water supply (2002): 83.6% (urban, rural: 94.0%, 73.0%)
• Sewage system (1999): total (urban, rural)
  • households with flush apparatus 20.7% (50.0%, 4.3%)
  • with pit latrines 69.3% (33.6%, 86.7%)
  • with no latrine 5.3% (7.8%, 4.1%)

Social participation

• Eligible voters participating in last national election: n/a
• Population participating in voluntary work: n/a
• Trade union membership in total labor force (2005): 18%
• Practicing religious population in total affiliated population: n/a

Social deviance

Annual reported arrest rate per 100,000 population (2006) for:

• Property violation: 20.7
• Infringing personal rights: 7.2
• Disruption of social administration: 3.3
• Endangering public security: 1.010

Material wellbeing

Urban households possessing (number per household; 2003):

• bicycles: 1.4
• colour televisions: 1.3
• washing machines: 0.9
• refrigerators: 0.9
• cameras: 0.5

Rural families possessing (number per household; 2003):

• bicycles: 1.2
• colour televisions: 0.7
• washing machines: 0.2
• refrigerators: 0.1
• cameras: 0.02

Household income and expenditure

• Average household size (2005) 3.1; rural households 3.3; urban households 3.0.
• Average annual per capita disposable income of household (2005): rural households Y 3,255 (U.S.$397), urban households Y 10,493 (U.S.$1,281).
• Sources of income (2003): rural households — income from household businesses 75.7%, wages 19.1%, transfers 3.7%, other 1.5%; urban households — wages 70.7%, transfers 23.3%, business income 4.5%, other 1.5%.
• Expenditure: rural (urban) households — food 45.6% (37.1%), housing 15.9% (10.7%), education and recreation 12.1% (14.4%), transportation and communications 8.4% (11.1%), clothing 5.7% (9.8%), medicine and medical service 6.0% (7.1%), household furnishings 4.2% (6.3%).

Employment

• Population economically active (2003): total 760,800,000.
• Activity rate of total population 58.9% (participation rates: over age 15 77.7%; female 37.8%; registered unemployed in urban areas 4.2%).
• Urban employed workforce (2001): 239,400,000; by sector: state enterprises 76,400,000, collectives 28,130,000, self-employment or privately run enterprises 134,870,000.
• Rural employed workforce: 490,850,000.