Civil Division
The Civil Division deals with all non-criminal cases, and has been part of the Court since its establishment in 1875. The Civil Division is bound by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom when making decisions, and is normally bound by its own previous decisions, with four exceptions; where the previous decision was made without the judges knowing of a particular law, where there are two previous conflicting decisions, where there is a later, conflicting Supreme Court or House of Lords decision and where a law was assumed to exist in a previous case but did not. The first three were established by the case of Young v Bristol Aeroplane Co Ltd in 1946, the fourth by R (on the application of Kadhim) v Brent London Borough Housing Benefit Review Board in 2001. The Civil Division is led by the Master of the Rolls, currently Lord Dyson (who is entitled to the postnominal MR), assisted by the Vice-President of the Civil Division, Maurice Kay. The division hears cases from the High Court of Justice, County Courts and several tribunals.
Read more about this topic: Court Of Appeal Of England And Wales
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—William Shakespeare (1564–1616)