Types
Several different types of buffer stop have been developed. They differ depending on the type of coupler used and on the intended application.
- Buffer stops with anticlimbers. These are particularly important for passenger railway applications, because the anticlimbers prevent telescoping of the railroad cars during a head-on impact.
- Buffer stops for a knuckle coupler or an SA3 coupler (centrally positioned between the two rails)
- Buffer stops with traditional "buffers" on either side
- Hydraulic buffer stops
- Friction buffer stops (bolted down to the rail)
If there is extra room behind the bumper block, there is usually a sand or ballast drag that is designed to further retard a runaway train. One such accident occurred when a Northern Line train powered past the bumper block at Moorgate station in 1975 on the London Underground system.
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