The Boltzmann constant (k or kB) is a physical constant relating energy at the individual particle level with temperature, which must necessarily be observed at the collective or bulk level. It is the gas constant R divided by the Avogadro constant NA:
It has the same dimension (energy divided by temperature) as entropy. It is named after the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann.
Read more about Boltzmann Constant: Bridge From Macroscopic To Microscopic Physics, Role in The Equipartition of Energy, Role in Boltzmann Factors, Role in The Statistical Definition of Entropy, Role in Semiconductor Physics: The Thermal Voltage, History, Value in Different Units
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“Just as the constant increase of entropy is the basic law of the universe, so it is the basic law of life to be ever more highly structured and to struggle against entropy.”
—Václav Havel (b. 1936)