Basic Rate Interface - Physical Interfaces

Physical Interfaces

The BRI is split in two sections: a) in-house cabling (S/T reference point or S-bus) from the ISDN terminal up to the NT and b) transmission from the NT to the central office (U reference point).

• The in-house part is defined in I.430 produced by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The S/T Interface (S₀) uses four wires; one pair for the uplink and another pair for the downlink. It offers a full-duplex mode of operation. The I.430 protocol defines 48-bit packets comprising 16 bits from the B1 channel, 16 bits from B2 channel, 4 bits from the D channel, and 12 bits used for synchronization purposes. These packets are sent at a rate of 4 kHz, resulting in a brutto bit rate of 192 kbit/s and - giving the data rates listed above - a maximum possible throughput of 144kbit/s. The S₀ offers point-to-point or point-to-multipoint operation; Max length: 900m (point-to-point), 300m (point-to-multipoint).

• The U_p Interface uses two wires. The brutto bit rate is 160 kbit/s; 144 kbit/s throughput, 12 kbit/s sync and 4 kbit/s maintenance. The signals on the U reference point are encoded by two modulation techniques: 2B1Q in North America, Italy and Switzerland, and 4B3T elsewhere. Depending of the applicable cable length, two varieties are implemented, U_pN and U_p0. The U_k0 interface uses one wire pair with echo cancellation for the long last mile cable between the telephone exchange and the network terminator. The maximum length of this BRI section is between 4 and 8 km.