Muscular and Sensory Innervation
The axillary nerve supplies three muscles; deltoid (a muscle of the shoulder), teres minor (one of the rotator cuff muscles) and the long head of the triceps brachii (an elbow extensor).
The axillary nerve also carries sensory information from the shoulder joint, as well as the skin covering the inferior region of the deltoid muscle - the "regimental badge" area (which is innervated by the Superior Lateral Cutaneous Nerve branch of the Axillary nerve).
The posterior cord splits inferiorly to the glenohumeral joint giving rise to the axillary nerve which wraps around the anatomical neck of the humerus, and the radial nerve which wraps around the humerus anteriorly and descends along its lateral border.
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